Everything about Joseph I Holy Roman Emperor totally explained
Joseph I (
July 26,
1678 –
April 17,
1711),
Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary and Bohemia,
Archduke of Austria, was the elder son of the emperor
Leopold I and his third wife,
Eleanora, Countess Palatine, daughter of
Philip William of Neuburg, Elector Palatine.
Born in
Vienna, he was educated strictly by Prince
Dietrich Otto von Salm and became a good linguist. In 1687 he received the crown of
Hungary and became
King of the Romans on
January 6,
1690.
Emperor
In 1702, on the outbreak of the
War of the Spanish Succession, he saw his only military service. He joined the imperial general
Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden in the siege of
Landau. It is said that when he was advised not to go into a place of danger, he replied that those who were afraid might retire.
He succeeded his father as emperor in
1705, and it was his good fortune to govern the Austrian dominions and to be head of the Empire during the years in which his trusted general
Prince Eugene of Savoy, either acting alone in
Italy or with the
Duke of Marlborough in
Germany and
Flanders, was beating the armies of
Louis XIV. During the whole of his reign, Hungary was disturbed by the conflict with
Francis Rákóczi II, who eventually took refuge in the Ottoman Empire.
The emperor didn't himself take the field against the rebels, but he's entitled to a large share of the credit for the restoration of his authority. He reversed many of the pedantically authoritative measures of his father, thus placating all opponents who could be pacified, and he fought stoutly for what he believed to be his rights. Joseph showed himself very independent towards the pope and hostile to the
Jesuits, by whom his father had been much influenced. He had a taste for art and music, which was almost hereditary in his family, and was an active hunter. He began the attempts to settle the question of the Austrian inheritance by a pragmatic sanction, which was continued by his brother
Charles VI. Joseph died in Vienna of
smallpox.
Marriage and children
In 1699, he married
Amalia Wilhelmina, daughter of
Duke Frederick of Brunswick-Lüneburg. They had three children:
Joseph's descendants include
Louis XVI of France,
Charles IV of Spain,
Maria Josepha of Bavaria, who married Emperor
Joseph II, and several Kings of
Poland.
Ancestors
Further Information
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